The answer depends on the couple’s preferences and biological options. In gay male surrogacy, sperm can come from:
1. One Partner’s Sperm (Biological Father)
Many same-sex male couples choose to have one partner provide sperm, making him the biological father. This is common when:
- One partner wants a genetic connection to the child
- The other may contribute in other ways (e.g., using his sperm for a second child later)
2. Both Partners’ Sperm (Mixed or Alternate IVF)
Some couples opt to use both partners’ sperm in different ways:
- Mixed sperm IVF: Both samples are combined before fertilization (though only one sperm will fertilize the egg).
- Fraternal twins: Each partner’s sperm fertilizes a separate egg, resulting in twins with different biological fathers.
- Future siblings: One partner’s sperm is used for the first child, and the other’s for a second pregnancy.
3. Donor Sperm (If Neither Partner Uses Their Own)
If neither partner can or wants to use their sperm, they may choose:
- Anonymous donor sperm from a sperm bank
- Known donor sperm (e.g., a friend or family member)
How Sperm Is Used in the Process
- IVF (In Vitro Fertilization): The chosen sperm fertilizes an egg (from a donor or intended mother) in a lab before embryo transfer to the surrogate.
- Artificial Insemination (Less Common): Only used in traditional surrogacy (where the surrogate is also the egg donor).
Legal & Emotional Considerations
- Parental rights: Legal contracts must clarify who the biological father is (especially if using donor sperm).
- Genetic testing: Some couples do pre-implantation testing to ensure healthy embryos.
- Future family planning: Couples often discuss whether to have biological children from both partners.
Final Answer
Gay couples can use one partner’s sperm, both partners’ sperm (for different children), or donor sperm, depending on their family goals. IVF is the most common method, ensuring a genetic link (if desired) while the surrogate carries the pregnancy.
Want help choosing the best option for your surrogacy journey? Ask below!
